WHAT IS COLONIALISM
▸ The practice of the idea of imperialism by the strong country on the weak country is known as colonialism.
▸ Thus we can say that colonialism is the process by which the imperialism is given the practical shape.
WHAT IS IMPERIALISM
‣ Imperialism is the philosophy or idea of domination on the weaker country by the stronger country.
▸ The domination include cultural, political, social and economic domination.
How is Colonialism different from Imperialism?
Or
Deffrenence between Colonialism and Imperialism
In spite of the fact that both the words underline concealment of the other, Colonialism is where one country expect control over the other and Imperialism alludes to political or financial control, either informally or formally . In basic words, colonialism can be thought to be a process and imperialism as the philosophy or idea driving the process.
TYPES OF COLONIALISM
1. Settler colonialism :- in this type of colonialism large number of immigrant or population settle in an area and dominates the native people of that area.
2. Exploitation colonialism;- it is the form of colonialism whose basic purpose is to exploit the natural and human resources of a territory.
3. Surrogate colonialism;- it is being established for a particular purpose either to develop a project or factory.
4. Internal colonialism:-the form of colonialism in which one group dominates the other .it may be because of cultural religious or political reason. Eg;- Domination of whites on non whites.
CAUSES OF COLONIALISM
• The most important causes of colonialism an be explained by the "Theory of THREE G",
1. Gold ---Here the Gold stands for capital, colonial powers such as France, Britain and Portugal, started the process of colonialism in order to gain resources and capital from colonies for their motherland through the means of exploitation.
2. Glory-Colonies were the matter of pride for colonial powers, all the important colonial powers were rivals of each other and wanted to prove their supremacy and dominance, thus they wanted to control large part of the world, through the process of colonialism.
3. God-they also wanted to colonize the countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America in order to propagate their religion. Portugal is the Classic Example.
Other reasons:
1. Discovery of New Lands And Trade Routes - Cape of Good hope-1487, New World 1492, Sea route to India - 1498.
2. Population boom in Europe- Colonialism had became the necessity of European powers rather than their goal. There was a Population boom in Europe in 18th Century, now they needed the new areas for settlement of new population, thus in order to fulfil this requirement, The Europeans were compelled to colonize Asia, Africa and Latin America.
3. Industrial Revolution-led to the mass production of goods, which was more than self-consumption, thus colonial powers also wanted new market to sell their product or goods to gain profit.
4. Wanted to spread their cultural dominance.
CONSEQUENCES OF COLONIALISM
⚫Columbian Exchange
⚫Slave Trade
⚫ Boost to Mercantilism
⚫ Ethnic Rivalry/Group Status
⚫Democracy prevails in most of colonial countries
⚫Boundary Disputes
POSITIVE EFFECT OF COLONIALISM
⚫ Transportation
⚫ Education
⚫ Medical care and sanitation
⚫ New farming methods
⚫ Order and discipline
NAGETIVE EFFECT OF COLONIALISM
⚫Lost freedom
⚫ Excessive exploitation of resources
⚫ Raw material and finished products
⚫Loss of indigenous industries
⚫Poverty and unemployment
⚫ Cash crops instead of food crops Loss of traditional culture and practices
⚫Racial discrimination
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